Ketoacidosis

Ketoacidosis is one of the acute complications of diabetes mellitus that occurs because blood glucose levels are very high.The situation is a serious condition that can be life-threatening. Conditions ketoacidosis can occur anytime, especially in patients with diabetes mellitus type 1.Unlike type 1 diabetes mellitus, in Diabetes Mellitus Type 2
, ketoacidosis occurs in certain circumstances. This is because usually people with type 2 diabetes mellitus more often non-ketotic hyperosmolar coma.Often the beginning of ketoacidosis disobedience diabetesein on dietary patterns that have been set.In addition, ketoacidosis is often triggered by a lack of the diabetesein to conduct blood glucose and urine sugar levels regularly.The symptoms first arose as the symptoms of untreated diabetes mellitus. Namely, dry mouth, thirst, urination intensity so more frequently (polyuria). Other symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain may also occur.These symptoms can then be like difficulty in breathing, taste dehydration, drowsiness or coma, the most severe.The cause of ketoacidosis is associated with elevated levels of the hormone insulin in the blood is low. Circumstances insulin levels in a low blood glucose levels in the blood is high.The hormone insulin is needed to process sugar absorption of nutrients that can enter the cells to be distributed throughout the body to be used as an energy source. The hormone insulin helps store fat reserves in fat cells from the digestion of food.When the hormone levels in the blood insulin level is low, then the sugar can not get into cells to be processed into energy. If so, the body will compensate by using fat as an alternative energy source.However, due to the use of fat can not be perfectly burned, it will produce a substance called ketone bodies. Ketone bodies will accumulate in the blood and will be removed from the body through urine.The presence of ketone bodies in the urine is called ketonuria. High blood glucose levels will cause increased levels in urine. Increased urine glucose levels will cause increased urine volume so that fluid in the body is reduced.When the condition of the body is dehydrated, it will cause symptoms such as thirst and dry mouth which is a typical sign of high blood glucose levels.Dehydration and formation of ketone bodies and the blood becomes more acidic. The situation becomes more acidic blood is called ketoacidosis.In severe cases where dehydration is very severe and the levels of the hormone insulin in the blood is very low, people with diabetes mellitus can be in a coma. Where a person in a coma is a state of emergency, which requires the patient to be taken to hospital to be given the help they deserve.The process of ketoacidosis coma on more gradually than the occurrence of hypoglycemic coma. The state of ketoacidosis requiring immediate medical treatment, so patients should be quickly taken to the hospital.Treatment is to be given insulin injections and replace lost body fluids and potassium ion levels in the blood that also reduced due to the increased frequency of urination (polyuria)